murder
- vt. 謀殺，兇殺
- n. 謀殺，兇殺
- vi. 殺人，犯殺人罪
詞態(tài)變化
中文詞源
來自古英語morthor,秘密殺害，非法謀殺，來自Proto-Germanic*murthra,殺害，來自PIE*mer, 將死，死去，詞源同morbid,mortal.-ther,工具格后綴。
英英釋意
- 1. unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being
英文詞源
- murder
- murder: [OE] The ultimate source of murder is the Indo-European base *mor-, *mr- ‘die’ (source also of English mortal). Its extension *mrt- produced a prehistoric Germanic *mortam (source of German, Swedish, and Danish mord and Dutch moord ‘murder’) and *murthram, from which comes English murder.
=> mortal - murder (n.)
- c. 1300, murdre, from Old English moreor (plural mortras) "secret killing of a person, unlawful killing," also "mortal sin, crime; punishment, torment, misery," from Proto-Germanic *murthra- (cognates: Goth maurtr, and, from a variant form of the same root, Old Saxon morth, Old Frisian morth, Old Norse more, Middle Dutch moort, Dutch moord, German Mord "murder"), from PIE *mrtro-, from root *mer- "to die" (see mortal (adj.)). The spelling with -d- probably reflects influence of Anglo-French murdre, from Old French mordre, from Medieval Latin murdrum, from the Germanic root.
Viking custom, typical of Germanic, distinguished more (Old Norse) "secret slaughter," from vig (Old Norse) "slaying." The former involved concealment, or slaying a man by night or when asleep, and was a heinous crime. The latter was not a disgrace, if the killer acknowledged his deed, but he was subject to vengeance or demand for compensation.Mordre wol out that se we day by day. [Chaucer, "Nun's Priest's Tale," c. 1386]
Weakened sense of "very unpleasant situation" is from 1878. - murder (v.)
- Old English myrerian, from Proto-Germanic *murthjan (cognates: Old High German murdran, German m?rdren, Gothic maurtjan; see murder (n.)). Related: Murdered; murdering.
同義詞辨析
kill, murder, slaughter, massacre, assassinate, execute
這些動詞均有"殺，殺死"之意。
kill： 普通用詞，含義廣泛，泛指以任何方式使人、動物或植物死亡。
murder： 指謀殺或兇殺。
slaughter： 本義指大批宰殺動物，也指像屠宰牲畜一樣一次殺死許多人。
massacre語氣比slaughter強。指大屠殺，尤指屠殺失去了自衛(wèi)能力的人。
assassinate： 通常指因政治原因用非法手段殺害政治領袖人物或短名人士。
execute： 指依法處死罪犯。
考試真題
- Both he and a crew member are being investigated for unintentional murder and exposing people to danger, according to police.
出自-2017年6月聽力原文
- In the last five years there have been no murders.
出自-2012年6月閱讀原文
- In the United States, 36 states currently allow capital punishment for serious crimes such as murder.
2015年12月四級真題（第二套）聽力 Section C
- Just look at this newspaper, nothing but robberies, suicide and murder.
出自-2012年6月聽力原文
- She expects that this will make women more careful when they walk around Green Ville alone at night Fortunately, there were usually no murders in Green Ville
出自-2011年6月聽力原文
- A lot of clever people are terrified about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one day become so smart that they'll murder all of us.
2018年6月六級真題（第三套）閱讀 Section A
- He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane.
2015年高考英語江蘇卷 任務型閱讀 原文
- He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering julius caesar.
2015年高考英語上海卷 閱讀理解 閱讀C 原文
- The night she won olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped.
2016年高考英語江蘇卷 閱讀理解 閱讀D 原文
詞組搭配
get away with (blue) murder
(informal)succeed in doing whatever one chooses without being punished or suffering any disadvantage
(非正式)逍遙法外；為所欲為
murder one (或 two)
(N. Amer. informal)first-degree (or second-degree) murder
(北美，非正式)一級（或二級）謀殺
scream (或 yell) blue (或 北美
(informal)make an extravagant and noisy protest
(非正式)大喊大叫地表示不滿（或抗議、反對）
if it gets into the papers, she'll be down here screaming blue murder.
如果這事情上了報，她會到這里來吵翻天的。
get away with murder【非正式用語】
To escape punishment for or detection of an egregiously blameworthy act.
逍遙法外：逃避對極端惡劣以至應受責備行為的偵查或懲罰
murder will out
Secrets or misdeeds will eventually be disclosed.
秘密（或者壞事）總要揭穿
實用場景例句
- He was found guilty of murder.
- 經裁決，他犯有謀殺罪。
牛津詞典
- She has been charged with the attempted murder of her husband.
- 她被指控意圖謀殺丈夫。
牛津詞典
- to commit (a) murder
- 犯謀殺罪
牛津詞典
- a murder case/investigation/trial
- 兇殺案件 / 調查；謀殺案的審判
牛津詞典
- The rebels were responsible for the mass murder of 400 civilians.
- 叛亂者對屠殺400名平民負有責任。
牛津詞典
- What was the murder weapon ?
- 用的是什么兇器？
牛津詞典
- The play is a murder mystery .
- 這出戲說的是一樁神秘的兇殺案。
牛津詞典
- It's murder trying to get to the airport at this time of day.
- 這個時候要趕到機場簡直要命。
牛津詞典
- It was murder (= very busy and unpleasant) in the office today.
- 今天辦公室里忙亂得要命。
牛津詞典
- He denies murdering his wife's lover.
- 他否認謀殺了妻子的情夫。
牛津詞典
- The murdered woman was well known in the area.
- 被殺害的女人在這個地區(qū)很有名氣。
牛津詞典
- Critics accused him of murdering the English language (= writing or speaking it very badly) .
- 批評家指責他把英語給糟蹋了。
牛津詞典
- I could murder a beer.
- 我很想來杯啤酒。
牛津詞典
- The three accused, aged between 19 and 20, are charged with attempted murder...
- 3個年齡在19到20歲之間的被告被控謀殺未遂。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- She refused to testify, unless the murder charge against her was dropped.
- 除非撤銷對她的謀殺指控，否則她拒絕作證。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- ...a thriller about two men who murder a third to see if they can get away with it.
- 關于兩個男人為了看看是否能成功逃脫懲罰而去謀殺另一名男子的驚悚片
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- ...the body of a murdered religious and political leader.
- 被謀殺的宗教和政治領袖的尸體
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- His charm and the fact that he is so likeable often allows him to get away with murder.
- 他很有魅力而且討人喜歡，這常讓他能夠為所欲為。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- People are screaming blue murder about the amount of traffic going through their town.
- 人們對著那些穿越他們城市的川流不息的車輛大呼小叫。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- An alternative would be moving further towards spot pricing.
- 進一步推進現(xiàn)貨定價可能是一個替代方案.
期刊摘選