present

英 ['prez(?)nt] 美['pr?znt]

近義詞donate hand offer give grant tender bestow over extend deliver

反義詞

vt. 提出；介紹；呈現(xiàn)；贈(zèng)送
vi. 舉槍瞄準(zhǔn)
adj. 現(xiàn)在的；出席的
n. 現(xiàn)在；禮物；瞄準(zhǔn)

CET4考研CET6中高頻詞基本詞匯

詞態(tài)變化

復(fù)數(shù):?presents;第三人稱單數(shù):?presents;過(guò)去式:?presented;過(guò)去分詞:?presented;現(xiàn)在分詞:?presenting;

中文詞源

present 存在的，在場(chǎng)的，現(xiàn)存的，當(dāng)前的

來(lái)自法語(yǔ)present,在場(chǎng)的，當(dāng)前的，來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)praesentem,在場(chǎng)的，當(dāng)前的，來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)praeesse,當(dāng)前，在前，在場(chǎng)，在邊上，來(lái)自prae,在前，在前面，esse,存在，成為，是，詞源同is,essence,absent.-ent,現(xiàn)在分詞后綴。

present 提出，提交，展現(xiàn)，展示，出席，主持，頒獎(jiǎng)，禮物

來(lái)自古法語(yǔ)presenter,提出，介紹，引進(jìn)，來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)praesentare,放置，置于前，展示，詞源同present.引申諸相關(guān)動(dòng)詞詞義及名詞詞義禮物。

英英釋意

1. the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech;: "that is enough for the present"; "he lives in the present with no thought of tomorrow"

2. something presented as a gift;: "his tie was a present from his wife"

3. a verb tense that expresses actions or states at the time of speaking

英文詞源

present: present: [13] The Latin adjective praesēns ‘a(chǎn)t hand, now here’ originated as the present participle of praeesse ‘be before one’, a compound verb formed from the prefix prae- ‘in front’ and esse ‘be’. English acquired it via Old French present, the same route as was taken by its derivative praesentia on its way to English presence [14]. The use of the related noun present for ‘gift’ originated in Old French in the concept of ‘bringing something into someone’s presence’, and hence of giving it to them. The verb present [13] comes from the Latin derivative praesentāre.
present (adj.): c. 1300, "existing at the time," from Old French present "evident, at hand, within reach;" as a noun, "the present time" (11c., Modern French présent) and directly from Latin praesentem (nominative praesens) "present, at hand, in sight; immediate; prompt, instant; contemporary," from present participle of pr?esse "be before (someone or something), be at hand," from prae- "before" (see pre-) + esse "to be" (see essence). Meaning "being there" is from mid-14c. in English. As a grammatical tense, recorded from late 14c.
present (v.): c. 1300, "introduce (someone or something) formally or ceremonially;" also "make a formal presentation of; give as a gift or award; bestow," from Old French presenter (11c., Modern French présenter) and directly from Latin praesentare "to place before, show, exhibit," from stem of praesens (see present (adj.)). From late 14c. as "exhibit (something), offer for inspection, display;" also, in law, "make a formal complaint or charge of wrongdoing." From c. 1400 as"represent, portray." Related: Presented; presenting.
present (n.1): "this point in time" (opposed to past and future), c. 1300, "the present time," also "act or fact of being present; portion of space around someone," from Old French present (n.) from Latin praesens "being there" (see present (adj.)). In old legalese, these presents means "these documents."
present (n.2): c. 1200, "thing offered, what is offered or given as a gift," from Old French present and Medieval Latin presentia, from phrases such as French en present "(to offer) in the presence of," mettre en present "place before, give," from Late Latin inpraesent "face to face," from Latin in re praesenti "in the situation in question," from praesens "being there" (see present (adj.)), on the notion of "bringing something into someone's presence."

同義詞辨析

gift, present, souvenir, tip

這些名詞都有"禮物，贈(zèng)品"之意。

gift：含義廣，既可指真誠(chéng)相送的禮物、贈(zèng)品或生日、節(jié)日禮物，又可指捐贈(zèng)的物品或捐款等。

present：普通用詞，指給親朋好友的禮物，贈(zèng)者與被贈(zèng)者之間存在某種個(gè)人關(guān)系，所贈(zèng)禮物一般不是很昂貴的。

souvenir：指對(duì)人、物、地點(diǎn)或事件有紀(jì)念意義的禮物或紀(jì)念品。

tip：指為酬謝他人服務(wù)而給的小費(fèi)。

give, accord, award, confer，grant, endow, present, bestow

這組動(dòng)詞均含有"給予，贈(zèng)給"之意。

give：最普通用詞，泛指將自己的東西給予他人，所給予的東西，物質(zhì)或非物質(zhì)的均可。

accord：側(cè)重所給予的是應(yīng)得的或是恰當(dāng)?shù)?，或是因某種原因而適于接受的。

award：通常暗示所給予的東西是接受者應(yīng)得的，而且給予者往往是具有裁判權(quán)力的。

confer：通常指授予稱號(hào)或?qū)W位等。

grant：多指出于慷慨、憐憫或正義感而給予，并且通常是在被請(qǐng)求下給予。

endow：指捐贈(zèng)大量的錢作基金，也可指給予非物質(zhì)的東西。

present：指正式地給予或授予，通常伴有儀式進(jìn)行。

bestow：正式用詞，指把某物作為禮物贈(zèng)送于某人，也可作引申用。

modern, contemporary, current, recent, present, up-to-date

這些形容詞均有"現(xiàn)代的，當(dāng)代的"之意。

modern：指現(xiàn)代或近代，時(shí)期可長(zhǎng)可短。也可指新穎、時(shí)髦的。

contemporary：僅指當(dāng)今這個(gè)時(shí)代，不涉及任何過(guò)去的時(shí)代。但可表示不同的人或物存在于同一時(shí)代。

current：指目前存在和發(fā)生的。

recent：表示新近的，最近的，時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短依據(jù)所修飾的人或物而定。

present：是這些詞中語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)的一個(gè)。指現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生、起作用的。

up-to-date：一般用于非正式場(chǎng)合，指很時(shí)新、能反映當(dāng)前的最新發(fā)展。

offer, present, propose, volunteer

這些動(dòng)詞均含"提出，提供"之意。

offer：最普通用詞，多指主動(dòng)提出或提供意見或東西等，但是否接受由對(duì)方自行決定。

present：既可指提出意見建議等，又可指拿出某物供人欣賞或贈(zèng)送。

propose：指直接而主動(dòng)地提出問(wèn)題或建議等，也指在討論或爭(zhēng)辨中提出具體意見或建議。

volunteer與offer同義，側(cè)重出于自愿，而不是受命做某事。

考試真題

Where are you in the cycle of renewal: Are you actively preserving the present, or selectively forgetting the past, or boldly creating the future? What advice would Leah give you to move you ahead on your journey? Once we're on the path of growth, we can continually move through the seasons of transformation and renewal.

That's why leaders continue to manage the present while building toward the big changes of the future.

One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.

Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization.

They present their views clearly and explicitly.

Central heating was present in every upper-and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century.

The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States

What does the author say is the problem with present high school education?

Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it.

They're willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections.

We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way.

The Phoenix in Mid-Levels may not use British ingredients, but presents its dishes in a British way.

Tell me, why do you want to leave your present job?

Why does the man want to leave his present job

The editor is amazed at how quickly Smith gets his stories—only minutes after they happen—but soon he's presented with a contract to sign.

But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today.

He is ashamed of his present condition.

Are you actively preserving the present, or selectively forgetting the past, or boldly creating the future?

For another, they present the project with a funny video because good visuals and a sense of humor improved success.

When you've got s peed limits, this creates situations that actually present dangers on the road.

The British traveler Charles Thompson spoke for many Grand Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as being impatiently desirous of viewing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics.

Failure to address comprehensively the problem of greenhouse gas emissions, however, exposes all generations, present and future, to incalculable risks.

They seem to be turning inward—generally in a pro-social manner, certainly with positive benefits for intimate relationships, but too often at the expense of a connection with the present and future world beyond, including the society they will one day inherit.

We found that when we taught participants to ask What if? and How can? questions that nobody present would know the answer to and that would spark exploration, they engaged in better inquiry at the next exhibit ? asking more questions, performing more experiments and making better inter pretations of their results.

The biggest obstacle to energy transition is that the present energy system is too expensive to replace.

"AI is hugely exciting," she said, "but it has limitations, which present grave dangers given uncritical use."

"The yield is never going to be high," Farrant says, so these plants will be targeted not at Iowa farmers trying to squeeze more cash out of high-yield fields, but subsistence farmers who need help to survive a drought like the present one in South Africa

"What our study suggests is that teenagers learn more quickly and more effectively when their peers are present than when they're on their own,'' Steinberg says.

"You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Dehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall Schoo

30 people were present, and all, except me, me from the island called McClure in the nation of nut.

A lot of the government advertising has been about individual responsibility, but actually understanding that drinking is very much about the social activity and finding ways to help young people get home safely and not end up in hospital is one of the th

And, unlike nutrients that are found only in few foods, protein is present in all foods.

I want to tell you about the past, present and future of the human population.

In 2001, for example, the Environmental Protection Agenc restricted the type and amount of lead that could be present in paint and soil to homes and child-care facilities after concerns were raised about lead poisoning.

It studies these populations, in the past, present and future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis.

Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes.

One could therefore present Napoleon in terms of his desire to impress or Churchill in terms of his lonely gloom.

The bureau could easily present their data in more useful ways, but they have chosen not to.

The time investment can present other problems.

They seem to be turning inward—generally in a pro-social manner, certainly with positive benefits for intimate relationships, but too often at the expense of a connection with the present and future world beyond, including the society they will one day in

While the candle is being lit, a principle is recited; then each person present takes a turn to speak about the importance that principle has to himself or herself.

As shown here, Lainey can become excited about reading when presented with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.

At present, the world has about 6800 languages.

At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.

Basically, it's "I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA".

CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known lasalle quartet, CCM's philharmonic orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting baroque through modern music.

Gilbert, presented Dario's mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.

Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students.

He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering julius caesar.

He told us to consider the difference in the price "an early wedding present".

His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time.

How many languages are spoken by less than 6000 people at present?

It presented a picture of a beagle.

Its position presents its own challenges.

Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton,in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.

News of delayed reward will make readers suffer, or present a threat to them.

The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably.

The Internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition.

The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics, including introducing family, friends, and hobbies.

The three letters present viewpoints on real source of road danger.

To celebrate Asia heritage month, trendy New York is proud to present "Cheongsam night out--a date with Cheongsam beauties in Shanghai bund 1930".

Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.

We will have a report on the present state of play.

When your cat drops a dead bird at your feet, she isn't bringing you a present.

Productions and the great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an Origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.

The sobering aspect of Allen‘s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves.

Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock.

The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long.

Two- and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.

You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.

If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the contest.

What are the norms of your environment? What converys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.

Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn.

No matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact.

Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol.

The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.

Happiness is not a point future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.

How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves?

If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment.

Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like US Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock.

Parents don't have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need.

Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like Linkedin.

Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive.

You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.

詞組搭配

all present and correct

used to indicate that not a single thing or person is missing

全部都在；無(wú)一物（或人）丟失

(there is) no time like the present

used to suggest that something should be done now rather than later

現(xiàn)在是最好時(shí)機(jī)

‘When do you want me to leave?’ ‘No time like the present.’.
“你想讓我什么時(shí)候離開？”“就現(xiàn)在?！?。

present company excepted

excluding those who are here now

在場(chǎng)的除外

these presents

(Law, formal)this document

(律正式)本文件

the premises outlined in red on the Plan annexed to these presents.
附于本文件平面圖上紅筆勾勒的房屋連地基。

present arms

hold a rifle vertically in front of the body as a salute

舉槍敬禮

make a present of

give as a gift

把…作為禮物

he had made a present of a hacienda to the president.
他把一座大莊園作為禮物送給總統(tǒng)。

at present

At the present time; right now.

現(xiàn)在的；馬上的

for the present

For the time being; temporarily.

暫時(shí)的；目前的

實(shí)用場(chǎng)景例句

He has brought much of the present crisis on himself...: 目前的大部分危機(jī)都是他自己引起的。

...the government's present economic difficulties...: 政府當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)難題

...his struggle to reconcile the past with the present.: 他為協(xié)調(diào)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在所付出的努力。

...continuing right up to the present...: 一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在

There is no way at present of predicting which individuals will develop the disease...: 目前還沒(méi)有辦法預(yù)測(cè)誰(shuí)會(huì)得這種病。

At present children under 14 are not permitted in bars.: 目前，14歲以下兒童不允許進(jìn)酒吧。

...Western European art from the period of Giotto to the present day.: 從喬托時(shí)期直至現(xiàn)代的西歐藝術(shù)

...monastic music of the present day.: 當(dāng)代的寺廟音樂(lè)

The ministers had expressed the unanimous view that sanctions should remain in place for the present.: 大臣們一致認(rèn)為暫時(shí)還不能取消制裁。

Don't wait until New Year to resolve to organise your life. There's no time like the present.: 不要等到新年才下決心規(guī)劃生活。要把握當(dāng)下。

The president was not present at the meeting...: 總裁沒(méi)有出席這次會(huì)議。

Nearly 85 per cent of men are present at the birth of their children...: 將近85%的男性在他們的孩子出生時(shí)都在場(chǎng)。

This special form of vitamin D is naturally present in breast milk...: 這種特殊形態(tài)的維生素D天然存在于母乳中。

One theory is that the infection has been present in humans for a very long time...: 有一種理論認(rèn)為，這種傳染病存在于人類中已經(jīng)有很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。

The carpet was a wedding present from the Prime Minister...: 這張地毯是首相送的結(jié)婚禮物。

I bought a birthday present for my mother...: 我給母親買了一份生日禮物。

The mayor presented him with a gold medal at an official city reception...: 市長(zhǎng)在一次正式的市政招待會(huì)上給他頒發(fā)了一枚金質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?/dd>
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典

Prince Michael of Kent presented the prizes...: 肯特親王邁克爾頒發(fā)了獎(jiǎng)品。

This presents a problem for many financial consumers...: 這給很多金融消費(fèi)者帶來(lái)了一個(gè)問(wèn)題。

The future is going to be one that presents many challenges...: 未來(lái)將會(huì)面臨諸多挑戰(zhàn)。

Their colleagues insulted them whenever the opportunity presented itself...: 一有機(jī)會(huì)，同事們就會(huì)侮辱他們。

A further obstacle has presented itself, however.: 然而，突然又出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)障礙。

We spend the time collating and presenting the information in a variety of chart forms...: 我們花費(fèi)時(shí)間用各種各樣的圖表來(lái)比照和展示這些信息。

We presented three options to the unions for discussion...: 我們向工會(huì)提供了3種選擇供討論。

The government has presented these changes as major reforms...: 政府將這些變化描述為重大的改革。

The British like to present themselves as a nation of dog-lovers...: 英國(guó)人喜歡把自己說(shuō)成是一個(gè)愛狗的民族。

...all those tricks which would help him to present himself in a more confident way in public.: 能使他在公眾面前表現(xiàn)得更為自信的那些竅門

The small group of onlookers presented a pathetic sight...: 這一小群旁觀者看上去讓人覺(jué)得悲哀。

In presenting a more professional image the party risks losing its individuality.: 為了給人一種更為職業(yè)的形象，該黨可能會(huì)喪失自身特色。

She was told to present herself at the Town Hall at 11.30 for the induction ceremony...: 她被告知于11點(diǎn)30分在市政廳參加就職儀式。

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