ruin
英 ['ru??n]
美['ru?n]
- n. 廢墟；毀壞；滅亡
- vt. 毀滅；使破產(chǎn)
- vi. 破產(chǎn)；墮落；被毀滅
- n. (Ruin)人名；(德、意、芬)魯因；(法)呂安
CET4TEM4考研TOEFLCET6中頻詞核心詞匯
詞態(tài)變化
復(fù)數(shù):?ruins;第三人稱單數(shù):?ruins;過去式:?ruined;過去分詞:?ruined;現(xiàn)在分詞:?ruining;
中文詞源
ruin 破壞，毀壞
來自拉丁語 ruina,倒塌，毀壞，來自 ruere,倒塌，崩塌，來自 PIE*reue,擊，打，撕開，詞源 同 rag,rough.字母 g 脫落，比較 regulate,rule.
英英釋意
- 1. an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction;
- "you have brought ruin on this entire family"
- 2. a ruined building;
- "they explored several Roman ruins"
- 3. the process of becoming dilapidated
- 4. an event that results in destruction
- 5. failure that results in a loss of position or reputation
- 6. destruction achieved by wrecking something
英文詞源
- ruin
- ruin: [14] If something is ruined, etymologically it has simply ‘fallen down’. The word’s ultimate ancestor is Latin ruere ‘fall, crumble’ (source also of English congruent). From it was derived the noun ruīna ‘fall’, which passed into English via Old French ruine.
=> congruent - ruin (n.)
- late 14c., "act of giving way and falling down," from Old French ruine "a collapse" (14c.), and directly from Latin ruina "a collapse, a rushing down, a tumbling down" (source also of Spanish ruina, Italian rovina), related to ruere "to rush, fall violently, collapse," from PIE *reue- (2) "to smash, knock down, tear out, dig up" (see rough (adj.)). Meaning "complete destruction of anything" is from 1670s. Ruins "remains of a decayed building or town" is from mid-15c.; the same sense was in the Latin plural noun.
- ruin (v.)
- 1580s (transitive), from ruin (n.). Intransitive sense "fall into ruin" is from c. 1600. Financial sense is attested from 1660. Related: Ruined; ruining.
同義詞辨析
break, destroy, ruin, wreck, damage, spoil
這些動(dòng)詞均有"破壞，損壞"之意。
break： 普通用詞，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破壞，可指有形或無形的破壞。
destroy： 多指徹底地、毀滅性地破壞，含導(dǎo)致無用，不能或很難再修復(fù)的意味。
ruin： 多指因外部原因而受到嚴(yán)重破壞或毀滅，側(cè)重破壞的徹底性，也可用于引申意義。
wreck： 側(cè)重指船只、車輛、房屋等受到嚴(yán)重破壞或完全毀壞，也可指計(jì)劃、健康受到損害。
damage： 多指對(duì)無生命物體的損害，造成降低價(jià)值、破壞功能等后果。
spoil： 強(qiáng)調(diào)不僅會(huì)削弱力量、精力或價(jià)值，而且會(huì)導(dǎo)致不可避免的毀滅。
考試真題
- The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暫令停學(xué)) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation.
出自-2011年12月閱讀原文
- Anyway, there is a little more to tell, but I don't want to ruin the story for you.
出自-2013年6月聽力原文
- Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist.
出自-2017年6月閱讀原文
- Panini's Ancient Rome and Modern Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches.
出自-2017年6月閱讀原文
- In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative ( ' , 喚起回憶的) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.
出自-2017年6月閱讀原文
- It will ruin the written language.
出自-2014年6月閱讀原文
- Civilization,then,is fine — people banging away on their smartphones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills.
出自-2014年6月閱讀原文
- After last week's announcement that Phil Collins might give up touring because live concerts are ruining his voice, doctors are counseling stars about the dos and don'ts of voice care.
出自-2013年6月聽力原文
- A heavy rain ruined the dinner.
2016年高考英語全國卷3 閱讀理解 閱讀B 選項(xiàng)
- But do you know that every year a lot of useless computers and cellphones will ruin the soil?
2017年高考英語北京卷 聽力 原文
- Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
2015年高考英語福建卷 閱讀理解 閱讀E 原文
- Keep it safe at all times, and then you will not have any unpleasant accident, which could ruin your whole weekend.
2016年高考英語全國卷2 聽力 原文
- The underlined word "undoing" probably refers to the pigeons' ruin.
2014年高考英語全國卷1 閱讀理解 閱讀B 題設(shè)
- This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who "ruined" it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.
2017年高考英語天津卷 閱讀理解 閱讀B 原文
- When they returned to rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.
2016年高考英語北京卷 閱讀理解 閱讀B 原文
- It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.
出自-2015年考研閱讀原文
- Why ruin rural ones?.
出自-2016年考研閱讀原文
- We do not ruin urban conservation areas.
出自-2016年考研閱讀原文
- And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.
2019年考研真題（英語二）閱讀理解 Section Ⅱ
詞組搭配
in ruins
in a state of complete disorder or disintegration
被毀滅的；毀壞了的；垮掉的；成廢墟的
the economy was in ruins.
經(jīng)濟(jì)崩潰了。
實(shí)用場景例句
- The bad weather ruined our trip.
- 天氣惡劣，破壞了我們的旅行。
牛津詞典
- That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
- 正是這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤斷送了他得到那份工作的機(jī)會(huì)。
牛津詞典
- My new shoes got ruined in the mud.
- 我的新鞋被泥漿給糟蹋了。
牛津詞典
- If she loses the court case it will ruin her.
- 如果敗訴，她就完了。
牛津詞典
- The country was ruined by the war.
- 這個(gè)國家因戰(zhàn)爭而遭到嚴(yán)重破壞。
牛津詞典
- A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution.
- 革命過后，許多教堂都?xì)Я恕?/dd>
牛津詞典
- The divorce ultimately led to his ruin.
- 離婚最終使得他一貧如洗。
牛津詞典
- The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin .
- 銀行的介入使這家公司免于經(jīng)濟(jì)崩潰。
牛津詞典
- Gambling was his ruin.
- 賭博毀了他。
牛津詞典
- The old mill is now little more than a ruin.
- 老磨坊現(xiàn)在只剩下一點(diǎn)殘?jiān)珨啾诹恕?/dd>
牛津詞典
- We visited the ruins of a Norman castle.
- 我們參觀了一座諾曼式城堡的遺跡。
牛津詞典
- (figurative)He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
- 他決心從事業(yè)失敗中爬起來，重新開始新的生活。
牛津詞典
- Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.
- 經(jīng)年的戰(zhàn)事已經(jīng)使得這個(gè)地區(qū)滿目瘡痍。
牛津詞典
- The scandal left his reputation in ruins.
- 這件丑聞使他身敗名裂。
牛津詞典
- My wife was ruining her health through worry...
- 憂慮嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了我妻子的健康。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- Entire villages have been washed away. Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops ruined.
- 這些村莊全部都被沖走了。道路和橋梁都被破壞了，農(nóng)作物也全毀了。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- She accused him of ruining her financially with his taste for the high life.
- 她指責(zé)他為了追求奢華的生活致使她傾家蕩產(chǎn)。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- The farmers say recent inflation has driven them to the brink of ruin.
- 農(nóng)民們說最近的通貨膨脹使他們?yōu)l臨破產(chǎn)。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- The vineyards were falling into ruin...
- 這些葡萄園日漸沒落。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- She wasn't going to let her plans go to ruin.
- 她不會(huì)讓她的計(jì)劃破產(chǎn)的。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- The new Turkish republic he helped to build emerged from the ruins of a great empire...
- 他幫助建立起的新土耳其共和國是從一個(gè)偉大帝國的廢墟上發(fā)展起來的。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- He stood very still, staring in at the ruins of his work.
- 他站在那里一動(dòng)也不動(dòng)，呆呆地看著他殘余的作品。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- One dead child was found in the ruins almost two hours after the explosion...
- 爆炸發(fā)生將近兩個(gè)小時(shí)以后，在廢墟中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)已經(jīng)死亡的小孩。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- There's only the mountain in this direction, and higher up an old ruin, an abandoned castle.
- 從這個(gè)方向望去只看得到這座山，以及更高處的一處廢墟，一座廢棄的城堡。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- Its heavily-subsidized economy is in ruins...
- 其靠資助維持的經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)完全崩潰了。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- This country was once proud of its education system. Now it seems to be in ruins.
- 這個(gè)國家曾一度為其教育體系感到自豪。但現(xiàn)在它似乎已經(jīng)千瘡百孔了。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- The abbey was in ruins...
- 這個(gè)修道院已經(jīng)成了一片廢墟。
柯林斯高階英語詞典
- Within Germany, the city of Berlin lay in ruins.
- 在德國，柏林市已經(jīng)滿目瘡痍。
柯林斯高階英語詞典