shut
- vt. 關(guān)閉；停業(yè)；幽禁
- vi. 關(guān)上；停止?fàn)I業(yè)
- n. 關(guān)閉
- adj. 關(guān)閉的；圍繞的
- n. (Shut)人名；(俄)舒特；(中)室(廣東話·威妥瑪)
詞態(tài)變化
中文詞源
來自古英語(yǔ) scyttan,合上門栓，推，關(guān)上，來自 West-Germanic*skutjan,推，合上，來自 PIE*skeud, 投，扔，射，推，詞源同 shoot,shot.
英英釋意
- 1. move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut;
- "Close the door"
- "shut the window"
- 2. become closed;
- "The windows closed with a loud bang"
- 3. prevent from entering; shut out;
- "The trees were shutting out all sunlight"
- "This policy excludes people who have a criminal record from entering the country"
英文詞源
- shut
- shut: [OE] Shut comes ultimately from the same prehistoric Germanic base (*skaut-, *skeut-, *skut- ‘project’) that produced English shoot, and its underlying etymological reference is to the ‘shooting’ of a bolt across a door to fasten it. Its immediate West Germanic ancestor was *skuttjan, which also produced Dutch schutten ‘obstruct’. In Old English this became scyttan, which if it had evolved unchecked would have given modern English shit. For reasons of delicacy, perhaps, the West Midlands form shut was drafted into the general language in the 16th century.
=> sheet, shoot, shot, shout, shuttle - shut (v.)
- Old English scyttan "to put (a bolt) in place so as to fasten a door or gate, bolt, shut to; discharge, pay off," from West Germanic *skutjan (cognates: Old Frisian schetta, Middle Dutch schutten "to shut, shut up, obstruct"), from PIE *skeud- "to shoot, chase, throw" (see shoot (v.)). Related: Shutting.
Meaning "to close by folding or bringing together" is from mid-14c. Meaning "prevent ingress and egress" is from mid-14c. Sense of "to set (someone) free (from)" (c. 1500) is obsolete except in dialectal phrases such as to get shut of. To shut (one's) mouth "desist from speaking" is recorded from mid-14c.
同義詞辨析
close, shut, slam
這些動(dòng)詞均有"關(guān)"之意。
close： 較多地用于正式或莊重的文體中，如關(guān)閉鐵路、公路以及其它交通渠道，要用close。
shut： 著重關(guān)閉的動(dòng)作、過程和方式手段。
slam： 象聲詞，指"砰的關(guān)上"，或用力關(guān)上。
考試真題
- Leah reflects on one incident that triggered her fears, when her investors threatened to shut her down: I was probably up against the most fear I've ever had, she says.
出自-2017年6月閱讀原文
- I was thinking, ‘OK, guys, if you want to try to shut me down, shut me down.
出自-2017年6月閱讀原文
- With wired setups, the fear is that a burglar ( ' , 入室盜賊) might be able to shut your system down simply by cutting the right cable.
出自-2016年12月閱讀原文
- New York State plans to shut ?off the thundering waters of NiagaraFalls again.
出自-2016年12月聽力原文
- If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? They are culture-related.
出自-2015年12月閱讀原文
- Leah reflects on one incident that triggered her fears, when her investors threatened to shut her studio down.
2017年6月四級(jí)真題（第二套）閱讀 Section B
- New York State plans to shut off the thundering waters of niagara Falls again.
2016年12月四級(jí)真題（第二套）聽力
- The American side of the falls was shut off in 1969 to study the build-up of rock at the base of the falls.
2016年12月四級(jí)真題（第二套）聽力
- with wired setups, the fear is that a burglar might be able to shut your system down simply by cutting the right cable.
2016年12月四級(jí)真題（第一套）閱讀 Section B
- These included developing additional domestic sources (such as those on Alaska's North Slope), resuming extraction at sites that had been shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that domestic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations.
出自-2013年6月閱讀原文
- After the personal-savings rate dipped to zero in 2005, the shock of the economic crisis last year prompted people to snap shut their wallets.
出自-2012年12月閱讀原文
- Companies and individuals who don't have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markets, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lion's share of economic opportunity in our world.
出自-2011年12月閱讀原文
- Businesses have downsized or shut down across America, leaving fewer job opportunities for those in search of work.
2016年6月六級(jí)真題（第一套）聽力 Section C
- For example, dolphins, as well as other marine animals, shut down one hemisphere of the brain when they go to sleep.
2017年6月六級(jí)真題（第三套）閱讀 Section A
- How would you like it if you were watching your favorite TV program and someong came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?
2015年高考英語(yǔ)浙江卷 單項(xiàng)填空 原文
- In a fire drill, the students should shut the door and leave at once.
2018年高考英語(yǔ)天津卷 閱讀理解 閱讀A 題設(shè)
- It didn't look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn't offend the nose so much, either.
2015年高考英語(yǔ)四川卷 閱讀理解 閱讀B 原文
- At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
出自-2009年考研閱讀原文
- First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.
出自-2012年考研閱讀原文
- As much of Mexico city shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to crop up in New York city, the southwestern United States and around the world.
2010年考研真題（英語(yǔ)二）完形填空 Section Ⅰ
- first, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.
2012年考研真題（英語(yǔ)一）閱讀理解 Section Ⅱ
詞組搭配
be (或 get) shut of
(informal)be (or get) rid of
(非正式)擺脫；去掉
I'd be glad to be shut of him.
我很高興甩掉了他。
shut the door on (或 to)
I'd be glad to be shut of him.
我很高興甩掉了他。
shut one's eyes to
I'd be glad to be shut of him.
我很高興甩掉了他。
shut one's mind to
I'd be glad to be shut of him.
我很高興甩掉了他。
shut the stable door after the horse has bolted
I'd be glad to be shut of him.
我很高興甩掉了他。
shut up shop
cease trading, either temporarily or permanently
（臨時(shí)性或永久性）停業(yè)，關(guān)門
shut your face (或 mouth 或 trap)!
(informal)used as a rude or angry way of telling someone to be quiet
(非正式)（粗魯或生氣時(shí)用語(yǔ)）閉嘴！
shut down (或 shut something down)
cease (or cause something to cease) business or operation
停業(yè)；停止運(yùn)行
the plant's operators decided to shut down the reactor.
工廠的操作員決定停止運(yùn)行反應(yīng)堆。
shut someone/thing in
keep someone or something inside a place by closing something such as a door
把…關(guān)在
her parents shut her in an upstairs room.
她父母把她關(guān)在樓上的房間里。
shut off (或shut something off)
(used especially in relation to water, electricity, or gas) stop (or cause something to stop) flowing
關(guān)（或切斷）（水、電或煤氣等）
he was about to shut off the power.
他正要切斷電源。
shut oneself off
isolate oneself from other people
與世隔絕
shut someone/thing out
keep someone or something out of a place or situation
把…關(guān)在外面；與…隔離
the door swung to behind them, shutting out some of the noise.
門旋轉(zhuǎn)到他們后面，把一些噪音隔在外面。
shut up (或 shut someone up)
[often in imperative](informal)stop (or cause someone to stop) talking
(非正式)（使）停止講話，（使）住口
just shut up and listen.
閉嘴，好好聽著。
shut something up
close all doors and windows of a building or room, typically because it will be unoccupied for some time
（因一段時(shí)間不居住而）關(guān)閉所有門窗
實(shí)用場(chǎng)景例句
- Philip went into his room and shut the door behind him.
- 菲利普進(jìn)了自己的房間，隨手把門關(guān)上。
牛津詞典
- I can't shut my suitcase─it's too full.
- 我的手提箱合不上了——裝得太滿了。
牛津詞典
- She shut her eyes and fell asleep immediately.
- 她閉上眼，立刻就睡著了。
牛津詞典
- He shut his book and looked up.
- 他合上書，抬起頭來。
牛津詞典
- The window won't shut.
- 這窗子關(guān)不上。
牛津詞典
- The doors open and shut automatically.
- 這些門都是自動(dòng)開關(guān)的。
牛津詞典
- The bank shuts at 4.
- 那家銀行4點(diǎn)鐘關(guān)門。
牛津詞典
- The computer system will be shut down over the weekend.
- 計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)周末關(guān)閉。
牛津詞典
- She shut the dog in the shed while she prepared the barbecue.
- 她做烤肉時(shí)把狗關(guān)在窩里。
牛津詞典
- Sam shut his finger in the car door.
- 薩姆給車門夾住了手指。
牛津詞典
- The engines shut off automatically in an emergency.
- 遇到緊急情況發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)便自動(dòng)停止工作。
牛津詞典
- A valve immediately shuts off the gas when the lid is closed.
- 當(dāng)蓋子合上時(shí)，立刻會(huì)有一個(gè)閥門切斷煤氣。
牛津詞典
- Martin shut himself off from the world to write his book.
- 馬丁不與外界接觸，專心寫書。
牛津詞典
- Bosnia is shut off from the Adriatic by the mountains.
- 波斯尼亞和亞得里亞海之間有群山相隔。
牛津詞典
- Mum, Ben keeps shutting me out of the bedroom!
- 媽，本老不讓我進(jìn)臥室！
牛津詞典
- sunglasses that shut out 99% of the sun's harmful rays
- 能遮擋99%的太陽(yáng)有害射線的太陽(yáng)鏡
牛津詞典
- I wanted to shut John out of my life for ever.
- 我想永遠(yuǎn)不讓約翰走進(jìn)我的生活。
牛津詞典
- Just make sure you shut the gate after you...
- 進(jìn)來后務(wù)必關(guān)上大門。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- The screen door shut gently.
- 紗門輕輕關(guān)上了。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- Lucy shut her eyes so she wouldn't see it happen.
- 露西閉上了眼睛，這樣就不會(huì)看到它發(fā)生了。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- Daniel's mouth opened, and then shut again...
- 丹尼爾嘴巴張了張又合上了。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- He opened and shut his mouth, unspeaking.
- 他張了張嘴，欲言又止。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- There is a tendency to shut museums or shops at a moment's notice...
- 現(xiàn)在博物館或商店有一種說關(guān)就關(guān)的趨勢(shì)。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- Shops usually shut from noon-3pm, and stay open late...
- 商店通常中午到下午 3 點(diǎn)關(guān)門，然后營(yíng)業(yè)到很晚。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- We shut our eyes to the plainest facts, refusing to admit the truth...
- 我們對(duì)最淺顯的事實(shí)視而不見，拒絕承認(rèn)真相。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- She was shutting her eyes to reality, just as she had done after Matthew died.
- 她不肯正視現(xiàn)實(shí)，跟她在馬修去世后的表現(xiàn)如出一轍。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- I don't have to tell you how important it is for you to keep your mouth shut about all this...
- 我不用告訴你，你自己也知道對(duì)所有這些事保密有多重要了吧。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- He paid my brother to kill Norton and keep his mouth shut.
- 他花錢雇我兄弟去殺了諾頓并給了他封口費(fèi)。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- If she had kept her mouth shut she would still have her job now.
- 如果她當(dāng)時(shí)保持沉默的話，她現(xiàn)在工作也就不會(huì)丟。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典
- 'Oi, shut your mouth and have respect for elders,' Langda said to the boy.
- “喂， 閉嘴，對(duì)長(zhǎng)者要尊重，”蘭達(dá)對(duì)那男孩說。
柯林斯高階英語(yǔ)詞典